General Orthopedics

Arthritis is a prevalent medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It encompasses a group of over 100 different types of joint disorders, primarily characterized by inflammation and pain in one or more joints. The most common form, osteoarthritis, results from wear and tear on the joint cartilage over time, leading to stiffness and discomfort.

Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the joints, causing chronic inflammation. Arthritis can significantly impact one's quality of life, leading to decreased mobility and function.

Treatment options vary, ranging from medication and physical therapy to lifestyle changes and surgical interventions, all aimed at managing symptoms and improving joint health. Early diagnosis and proper management can help individuals with arthritis lead active and fulfilling lives.

Bursitis is a painful condition that can affect various joints throughout the body, including the shoulder, hip, and knee. It occurs when the bursae, small fluid-filled sacs that cushion and reduce friction between bones, become inflamed. This inflammation can result from repetitive motions, overuse, injury, or infection.

Symptoms of bursitis include localized pain, swelling, and limited joint mobility. Shoulder bursitis, hip bursitis, and knee bursitis share common characteristics, such as discomfort and reduced range of motion, but each location may have specific underlying causes and treatments.

Management typically involves rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, physical therapy, and, in severe cases, aspiration or corticosteroid injections to alleviate symptoms and promote healing. Early intervention is essential to prevent chronic pain and dysfunction.

Fractures, commonly known as broken bones, occur when there is a disruption in the continuity of a bone. They can result from various causes, including trauma, accidents, falls, or underlying medical conditions that weaken the bones.

Fractures can range in severity from minor hairline cracks to complex breaks that require surgical intervention. Symptoms often include pain, swelling, bruising, and loss of function in the affected area.

Accurate diagnosis through X-rays or other imaging techniques is crucial for determining the extent of the fracture and guiding appropriate treatment. Treatment may involve immobilization with casts, splints, or surgery to realign and stabilize the bone, promoting proper healing and restoration of function.

Sprains and strains are common musculoskeletal injuries, often occurring during physical activities or accidents.

A sprain involves the stretching or tearing of ligaments, which connect bones to each other, causing pain, swelling, and joint instability. Strains, on the other hand, affect muscles or tendons, connecting muscles to bones, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion.

Both injuries can vary in severity, with mild cases healing through rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), while severe cases may require physical therapy or even surgery. Proper diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for preventing long-term complications and ensuring a swift return to normal function.

Tendonitis is a painful condition characterized by inflammation or irritation of a tendon, which connects muscle to bone. This injury often results from repetitive movements, overuse, or sudden, strenuous activities that strain the tendon.

Common symptoms of tendonitis include localized pain, swelling, tenderness, and restricted joint movement. It can affect various parts of the body, such as the shoulder, elbow, wrist, knee, or Achilles tendon in the heel. Rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy are typical treatments, promoting healing and preventing further damage.